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Two-factor authentication and possible ways to bypass it
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<blockquote data-quote="Carders" data-source="post: 649" data-attributes="member: 17"><p>We take a detailed look at the advantages and disadvantages of the most popular method of protecting online accounts.</p><p></p><p>Advanced account security practices include two-factor authentication (2FA). It is used everywhere for both corporate and personal user accounts around the world. In the classical sense, this authentication method involves delivering a special code to the phone or email address, which must be entered after entering the password from the account. However, there are other forms of 2FA that we will discuss in this article.</p><p></p><p>Two-factor authentication provides an additional layer of protection for your account from cybercriminals, but if you really want to, attackers will still find a way to bypass it. It is understanding how hackers usually circumvent 2FA that will allow you to avoid falling for their possible tricks and protect your account.</p><p></p><p><strong>What is two-factor authentication?</strong></p><p>2FA is the second level of authentication, which is used in addition to the classic user name and password combination when logging in to an account. Two-factor authentication can be configured for completely different ways of confirming account ownership. It all depends on the specific needs of the system itself or user preferences.</p><p></p><p>Sometimes a certain account requires the highest level of protection. Then the so-called "multi-factor authentication" (MFA), which includes several verification factors, comes to the rescue. For example, password + physical token + biometrics. This method of protecting your account is much more reliable than classic two-factor authentication.</p><p></p><p><strong>What types of two-factor authentication exist?</strong></p><p>Some services and applications allow you to choose which type of verification to use in addition to the password, and some do not. Let's consider all possible options for 2FA.</p><p></p><p><strong>2FA via SMS</strong></p><p>This authentication method requires the user to provide their phone number when setting up their profile for the first time. Then, each time you log in to the system (or for the first time for a new device), the user will have to enter a one-Time confirmation code (One-Time Password, OTP), usually consisting of six digits. This code is sent as a text message to your phone.</p><p></p><p>Since most people have mobile phones that support SMS, and you don't need to install additional apps, this verification method is probably the most popular one right now.</p><p></p><p>Problems with 2FA via SMS occur only when the network signal is lost or if there are problems with the phone's performance.</p><p></p><p><strong>2FA via voice call</strong></p><p>This authentication method involves dialing the user's phone number. When you log in to a mobile app, the fact of the call itself is usually enough for authorization, and the app automatically confirms the login. However, in some services, 2FA via a phone call is configured in such a way that you must answer the incoming call, listen to the six-digit code voiced by the robot, and then enter it in the form.</p><p></p><p><strong>2FA by email</strong></p><p>2FA via email works the same as 2FA via SMS, but the one-time confirmation code is sent as an email to the user's email address. One of the options for email authentication is not to enter a code, but to click on a unique link that provides access to the account.</p><p></p><p>2FA via email requires a mandatory Internet connection to receive the email, although in modern reality this may not be considered a disadvantage. However, what is definitely not an advantage of this method is the frequent identification of such emails as spam. Accordingly, the authorization process may take longer due to the email search.</p><p></p><p>In addition, it is easy for attackers to hack an account with email authentication, if they already have access to this very mail. When as SMS authentication forces the attacker to be physically close to the victim; steal their phone to spy on the code or resort to a complex SIM-jacking attack.</p><p></p><p><strong>2FA via TOTP authentication apps</strong></p><p>The algorithm temporary one-time password (Time-based One-time Password Algorithm, TOTP) is a form of test which requires the user to install on your smartphone a special application, such as Microsoft Authenticator, Google Authenticator, Yandex Key, etc.</p><p></p><p>When a user logs in to a particular online service from a new or unknown device, they are prompted to open the authentication app on their mobile phone. The app generates a temporary one-time code, ranging in length from six to eight digits, which is updated every 30 seconds. After entering this code in the appropriate form, the user gets access to the account.</p><p></p><p>One of the advantages of authenticator apps is that they are easy to implement and use. The user immediately receives a confirmation password, and they don't need to wait for an email or text message. This method is also more reliable than 2FA via SMS, because you can't see the code on the lock screen or on a Bluetooth-connected fitness bracelet. At a minimum, you need to unlock your smartphone, or even enter a separate password to access the TOTP app.</p><p></p><p>If the user has not set up a single PIN code for all occasions, then it will be extremely difficult to crack it using the TOTP authenticator.</p><p></p><p><strong>2FA via a hardware key</strong></p><p>This method uses physical devices for authorization. This can be, for example, a USB flash drive inserted into your computer, an NFC card, or a TOTP keychain that generates an authorization code every 30/60 seconds.</p><p></p><p>Hardware keys do not require an internet connection. This is one of the simplest and most secure 2FA methods. However, it can be costly for businesses to produce and maintain such devices on a per-user basis. And if it is critical that the user carries such a key with them, the risk of losing it is also added.</p><p></p><p><strong>6 ways to bypass two-factor authentication</strong></p><p>Despite all the advantages of two-factor authentication, each of the methods described above also has its own vulnerabilities. Below we will describe exactly how hackers can circumvent two-factor authentication.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Carders, post: 649, member: 17"] We take a detailed look at the advantages and disadvantages of the most popular method of protecting online accounts. Advanced account security practices include two-factor authentication (2FA). It is used everywhere for both corporate and personal user accounts around the world. In the classical sense, this authentication method involves delivering a special code to the phone or email address, which must be entered after entering the password from the account. However, there are other forms of 2FA that we will discuss in this article. Two-factor authentication provides an additional layer of protection for your account from cybercriminals, but if you really want to, attackers will still find a way to bypass it. It is understanding how hackers usually circumvent 2FA that will allow you to avoid falling for their possible tricks and protect your account. [B]What is two-factor authentication?[/B] 2FA is the second level of authentication, which is used in addition to the classic user name and password combination when logging in to an account. Two-factor authentication can be configured for completely different ways of confirming account ownership. It all depends on the specific needs of the system itself or user preferences. Sometimes a certain account requires the highest level of protection. Then the so-called "multi-factor authentication" (MFA), which includes several verification factors, comes to the rescue. For example, password + physical token + biometrics. This method of protecting your account is much more reliable than classic two-factor authentication. [B]What types of two-factor authentication exist?[/B] Some services and applications allow you to choose which type of verification to use in addition to the password, and some do not. Let's consider all possible options for 2FA. [B]2FA via SMS[/B] This authentication method requires the user to provide their phone number when setting up their profile for the first time. Then, each time you log in to the system (or for the first time for a new device), the user will have to enter a one-Time confirmation code (One-Time Password, OTP), usually consisting of six digits. This code is sent as a text message to your phone. Since most people have mobile phones that support SMS, and you don't need to install additional apps, this verification method is probably the most popular one right now. Problems with 2FA via SMS occur only when the network signal is lost or if there are problems with the phone's performance. [B]2FA via voice call[/B] This authentication method involves dialing the user's phone number. When you log in to a mobile app, the fact of the call itself is usually enough for authorization, and the app automatically confirms the login. However, in some services, 2FA via a phone call is configured in such a way that you must answer the incoming call, listen to the six-digit code voiced by the robot, and then enter it in the form. [B]2FA by email[/B] 2FA via email works the same as 2FA via SMS, but the one-time confirmation code is sent as an email to the user's email address. One of the options for email authentication is not to enter a code, but to click on a unique link that provides access to the account. 2FA via email requires a mandatory Internet connection to receive the email, although in modern reality this may not be considered a disadvantage. However, what is definitely not an advantage of this method is the frequent identification of such emails as spam. Accordingly, the authorization process may take longer due to the email search. In addition, it is easy for attackers to hack an account with email authentication, if they already have access to this very mail. When as SMS authentication forces the attacker to be physically close to the victim; steal their phone to spy on the code or resort to a complex SIM-jacking attack. [B]2FA via TOTP authentication apps[/B] The algorithm temporary one-time password (Time-based One-time Password Algorithm, TOTP) is a form of test which requires the user to install on your smartphone a special application, such as Microsoft Authenticator, Google Authenticator, Yandex Key, etc. When a user logs in to a particular online service from a new or unknown device, they are prompted to open the authentication app on their mobile phone. The app generates a temporary one-time code, ranging in length from six to eight digits, which is updated every 30 seconds. After entering this code in the appropriate form, the user gets access to the account. One of the advantages of authenticator apps is that they are easy to implement and use. The user immediately receives a confirmation password, and they don't need to wait for an email or text message. This method is also more reliable than 2FA via SMS, because you can't see the code on the lock screen or on a Bluetooth-connected fitness bracelet. At a minimum, you need to unlock your smartphone, or even enter a separate password to access the TOTP app. If the user has not set up a single PIN code for all occasions, then it will be extremely difficult to crack it using the TOTP authenticator. [B]2FA via a hardware key[/B] This method uses physical devices for authorization. This can be, for example, a USB flash drive inserted into your computer, an NFC card, or a TOTP keychain that generates an authorization code every 30/60 seconds. Hardware keys do not require an internet connection. This is one of the simplest and most secure 2FA methods. However, it can be costly for businesses to produce and maintain such devices on a per-user basis. And if it is critical that the user carries such a key with them, the risk of losing it is also added. [B]6 ways to bypass two-factor authentication[/B] Despite all the advantages of two-factor authentication, each of the methods described above also has its own vulnerabilities. Below we will describe exactly how hackers can circumvent two-factor authentication. [/QUOTE]
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